COURSE INTRODUCTION
The Gas and Liquid Contracts that exist (or are being negotiated) will determine the objectives of the processes that you will have to incorporate into any new facility and how you have to operate any existing facility. There exists a variety of processes that will condition your Natural Gas and Hydrocarbon Liquids to satisfy the Contract requirements. The objective of this course is to make you aware of the options available to you so that you can evaluate all the processes that will satisfy your objective to determine which particular process is the best from a capitol cost and operating cost perspective.
COURSE OBJECTIVE
Upon completion of this course, you will gain knowledge of the processes available to process your Natural Gas and Hydrocarbon Liquid Products
Who Should Attend ?
This course is designed for project managers, plant managers, plant supervisors, technical staff, and contractor personnel involved in project planning, process selection and operation of Natural Gas Production. The greatest benefit arises from considering all the processes that will accomplish your process requirements to determine which one is the best for your particular application from a capital cost and operating cost perspective. You will also be able to see which processes are available to you to de-bottleneck or modify existing processes. The practical techniques and examples provide useful insights that are valuable at any stage of project execution and operation.
Course Outlines
Gas & Liquid Process Selection
Contract Terms
Basic Consideration
Gas Contracts
- Quantity
- Quality
o Heating Value
o Sulphur Content
o Maximum Temperature
o Water Content (H2O Dewpoint)
o Hydrocarbon Dewpoint (HCDP)
o Other (N2, He, Ar, CO2, Hg, O2)
Liquid Contracts
- Commercial Ethane
- Commercial Propane
- Commercial Butane
- Butane-Propane Mixes (LPG)
- Propane HD-5
- Natural Gasoline
Overall Production System
Solution Gas
Associated Gas
Non-Associated Gas
Gas Processing Module
- H2O Removal (Dehydration)
- H2S & CO2 Removal (Gas Sweetening)
- Nitrogen Removal
- Mercury Removal
- Oxygen Removal
NGL Extraction Module
- Products
- Absorption (Lean Oil)
- Adsorption (HRU)
- Condensation
- Mechanical Refrigeration
- Mixed Refrigerants
- Turbo Expander
- Twister
- JT Refrigeration
- Stabilization Module
- Product Treating Module
Types of Separators
- Horizontal
- Vertical
- Spherical
- Centrifugal
- Cyclone
- o Reverse Flow
- o Axial Flow
- o Recycling
- Filter
- Liquid Coalescer
Water Vapour Removal (H2O Dewpoint Control)
- Water Content
- HC Liquids
- Natural Gas
- Effect of H2S & CO2
Hydrate Formation Temperature
- Effect of Propane
- Effect of H2S & CO2
Refrigeration Compressors
- Compression Cycle
- Single Stage
- Single Stage w/Economizer
- Two Stage
- Types
- Drivers
Gas Sweetening
Terminology
Safety Precautions
Types of Contaminants
Process Selection
Chemical Reaction Processes
- Amines
- Chemistry
- Typical PFD
- General Considerations
- Amines Used (MEA, DEA, DGA, MDEA, TEA, DIPA, Formulated Solvents)
- Control Variable
- Caustic Wash
- Chemistry
- NGL Extraction
Turbo Expander
- Typical PFD
- Solid CO2 Formation
- Solid Desiccant Dehydrator
- Inlet Compression
- Gas/Gas Exchangers
- Expander
- Re-Compressor
- De-Methanizer
Modified Claus Plants
- Typical PFD – 3 Stage
- Process Considerations
- Mechanical Considerations
- Instrumentation
Tail Gas Clean-up
- Incineration
- Super Claus 99
- Super Claus 99.5
- SCOT