Introduction:
This NDT training course covers the following topics: a basic understanding of the main NDT methods (e.g., visual inspection, magnetic particle, penetrant, radiographic, ultrasonic, and eddy current testing); methods for internal examination, X- and gamma-radiography, and ultrasonic flaw detection; methods for sorting materials according to materials, defect type, position, and weld geometry; proprietary instruments; surface methods; materials sorting methods.
Course Objectives:
- To appreciate the available methods
- To explain the basic principles of these methods
- To identify the advantages and disadvantages of these, both in application and defect detection capability
- To carry out basic hands-on applications for familiarization purposes
Who Should Attend?
This course is suitable for NDT personnel who are preparing themselves for obtaining Level I or Level II certifications in nondestructive testing. It is also very useful for experienced NDT examiners to review the basics of NDT for the VT, UT, RT, Pt and Mt test methods. It is valuable for the personnel and managers of quality assurance and quality control departments in construction, service and oil and gas companies. Production and welding engineers will find it very useful as well to support their background of post welding inspection and testing technologies.
Course Outlines:
Visual Testing:
- Metal joining and cutting processes
- Standard welding terms and definitions
- Weld joint geometry and welding symbols
- Metal properties and destructive testing
- Weld and base metal discontinuities
- The utilization of welding gauges (Bridge cam gauge, AWS welding gauge, fillet weld gauges, high-lo welding gauge for piping, V-WAC welding gauge, micrometer, ..)
Practical Demos:
- Visual inspection and code judgment of real and simulated welds for:
- Undercutting, depth and size
- Fillet weld size, convexity and concavity,
- Weld reinforcement sizing
- Porosity sizing
- Surface slag and porosity
- Surface cracks
- Cap and root blending with parent materials (acceptance measures)
- Thicknesses and cross-sections measurements for mechanical testing
- Nick and fillet break testing and evaluation (internal incomplete fusion, slag and porosity)
- Bend testing and evaluation
Radiographic Testing:
Properties of X- and gamma-rays; densitometry; film selection; film processing and spurious indications; factors controlling contrast and definition; X- and gamma-ray equipment; ionizing radiation hazards; regulations; use of screens and filters; selection of angle of aspect; image quality indicators; defect depth location; castings; reporting.
Specific:
Specification training using:
- The API Pipeline Welding Code, API 1104 (optional)
- The AWS Structural Welding Code, AWS D1.1 (optional)
Practical:
- Film interpretation using large, assorted films containing a variety of welding and film processing defects.
- Demos for RT exposure geometry for different plate and pipe articles
Ultrasonic Testing:
Basic principles of sound; generation and detection of sound; behavior of sound in a material; couplants, material characteristics , beam spread, attenuation, impedance and resonance, the flaw detector; use of angled beam probes for weld scanning; welding processes and weld defects; practical exercises on test specimens containing simulated flaws; examination of parent plate, butt welds; instruction writing.
Specific:
Specification training using:
- The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME V, Article 4, flaw detection
- The API Pipeline Welding Code, API 1104
Practical Demos:
- Calibration of ultrasonic flaw detector for exit point, probe angle and sensitivity, using IIW V1 and IIW V2
- Calibration using DAC blocks (hints: for manufacturing of DAC blocks according to ASME V)
- Testing with normal probe for lamination testing
- Measuring wall thickness according to SE-797 specification
- Weld inspection using angle probes and evaluation: For pipes according to ASME B31.3 process piping code, an
- Determination of discontinuity size in lateral and longitudinal directions.
Magnetic Particle Inspection:
Principles of magnetism; magnetic fields; induction; permeability and reluctance; magnetization; lines of force, methods of testing; interpretation of indications; demagnetization; practical exercises; methods of assessing sensitivity; instruction writing.
Specific:
Specification training using:
- The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME V, Article 7
- The API Pipeline Welding Code, API 1104
Practical Demos:
- Calibration of electromagnetic yokes.
- Hands-on training for inspection of several pre-cracked specimens:
- Boiler casing defected plates,
- Mechanical shrink fit joint, and
- Defected and sound pipes
Liquid Penetrant Testing:
Materials, methods, capillary effects, penetrant types, removal techniques, compatibility of materials, equipment and safety aspects; practical exercises; methods of assessing sensitivity.
Specific:
Specification training using:
- The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME V, Article 6
- The API Pipeline Welding Code, API 1104